1. 字符串长度函数:length 语法: length(string A)
返回值: int
说明:返回字符串A的长度
举例:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 hive> select length('abcedfg' ) from student; 7 hive> select length(null ) from student; NULL
2. 字符串反转函数:reverse 语法: reverse(string A)
返回值: string
说明:返回字符串A的反转结果
举例:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 hive> select reverse('abcedfg' ) from student; gfdecba hive> select reverse('12345' ) from student; 54321
3. 字符串连接函数:concat 语法: concat(string A, string B…)
返回值: string
说明:返回输入字符串连接后的结果,支持任意个输入字符串
举例:
1 2 3 4 hive> select concat('a' ,'b' ,'c' ) from student; abc
4. 带分隔符字符串连接函数:concat_ws 语法: concat_ws(string SEP, string A, string B…)
返回值: string
说明:返回输入字符串连接后的结果,SEP表示各个字符串间的分隔符
举例:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 hive> select concat_ws(',' ,'abc' ,'def' ,'gh' ) from student; abc,def,gh hive> select concat_ws('-' ,'abc' ,'def' ,'gh' ) from student; abc- def- gh
5. 字符串截取函数:substr,substring 语法: substr(string A, int start),substring(string A, int start)
返回值: string
说明:返回字符串A从start位置到结尾的字符串
举例:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 hive> select substr('abcde' ,3 ) from student; cde hive> select substr('abcde' ,0 ) from student; abcde hive> select substr('abcde' ,0 ,2 ) from student; ab hive> select substr('abcde' ,-1 ) from student; (和ORACLE相同) e hive> select substr('abcde' ,-2 ) from student;(和ORACLE相同) de
6. 字符串截取函数:substr,substring 语法: substr(string A, int start, int len),substring(string A, int start, int len)
返回值: string
说明:返回字符串A从start位置开始,长度为len的字符串
举例:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 hive> select substr('abcde' ,2 ,3 ) from student; bcd hive> select substr('abcde' ,3 ,2 ) from student; cd hive> select substring ('abcde' ,3 ,2 ) from student; cd hive> select substring ('abcde' ,-2 ,2 ) from student; de
7. 字符串转大写函数:upper,ucase 语法: upper(string A) ucase(string A)
返回值: string
说明:返回字符串A的大写格式
举例:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 hive> select upper ('abSEd' ) from student; ABSED hive> select ucase('abSEd' ) from student; ABSED
8. 字符串转小写函数:lower,lcase 语法: lower(string A) lcase(string A)
返回值: string
说明:返回字符串A的小写格式
举例:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 hive> select lower ('abSEd' ) from student; absed hive> select lcase('abSEd' ) from student; absed
9. 去空格函数:trim 语法: trim(string A)
返回值: string
说明:去除字符串两边的空格
举例:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 hive> select trim (' abc ' ) from student; abc hive> select trim (' a b c ' ) from student; a b c
10. 左边去空格函数:ltrim 语法: ltrim(string A)
返回值: string
说明:去除字符串左边的空格
举例:
1 2 3 4 hive> select ltrim(' a b c ' ) from student; a b c
11. 右边去空格函数:rtrim 语法: rtrim(string A)
返回值: string
说明:去除字符串右边的空格
举例:
1 2 3 4 hive> select rtrim(' a b c ' ) from student; a b c
12. 正则表达式替换函数:regexp_replace 语法: regexp_replace(string A, string B, string C)
返回值: string
说明:将字符串A中的符合java正则表达式B的部分替换为C。注意,在有些情况下要使用转义字符,类似oracle中的regexp_replace函数。
举例:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 hive> select regexp_replace('foobar' , 'oo|ar' , '' ) from student; fb hive> select regexp_replace('123456' , '.' , '_' ) from student; ______ hive> select regexp_replace('123456' , '1|3|5' , '_' ) from student; _2_4_6
语法: regexp_extract(string subject, string pattern, int index)
返回值: string
说明:将字符串subject按照pattern正则表达式的规则拆分,返回index指定的字符。
举例:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 hive> select regexp_extract('foothebar' , 'foo(.*?)(bar)' , 1 ) from student; the hive> select regexp_extract('foothebar' , 'foo(.*?)(bar)' , 2 ) from student; bar hive> select regexp_extract('foothebar' , 'foo(.*?)(bar)' , 0 ) from student; Foothebar hive> select regexp_extract('4.2.3.' ,'\\d.+' ,0 ) from student; 4.2 .3 .hive> select regexp_extract('4.2.3.' ,'\\d' ,0 ) from student; 4 hive> select regexp_extract('4.2.3.' ,'\\d+' ,0 ) from student; 4 hive> select regexp_extract('4.2.3.' ,'\\d.\\d.\\d' ,0 ) from student; 4.2 .3 hive> select regexp_extract('4.2.3.' ,'.\\d.' ,0 ) from student; .2 .select data_field,regexp_extract(data_field,'.*?bgStart\\=([^&]+)' ,1 ) as aaa, regexp_extract(data_field,'.*?contentLoaded_headStart\\=([^&]+)' ,1 ) as bbb, regexp_extract(data_field,'.*?AppLoad2Req\\=([^&]+)' ,1 ) as ccc from pt_nginx_loginlog_stwhere pt = '2012-03-26' limit 2 ;
14. URL解析函数:parse_url 语法: parse_url(string urlString, string partToExtract [, string keyToExtract])
返回值: string
说明:返回URL中指定的部分。 的有效值为:HOST, PATH, QUERY, REF, PROTOCOL, AUTHORITY, FILE, and USERINFO.
举例:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 hive> select parse_url('https://facebook.com/path1/p.php?k1=v1&k2=v2#Ref1' , 'HOST' ) from student; facebook.com hive> select parse_url('https://facebook.com/path1/p.php?k1=v1&k2=v2#Ref1' , 'QUERY' , 'k1' ) from student; v1 hive> select parse_url('https://facebook.com/path1/p.php?k1=v1&k2=v2#Ref1' , 'PATH' ) from student; / path1/ p.phphive> select parse_url('https://facebook.com/path1/p.php?k1=v1&k2=v2#Ref1' , 'QUERY' ) from student; k1= v1& k2= v2 hive> select parse_url('https://facebook.com/path1/p.php?k1=v1&k2=v2#Ref1' , 'REF' ) from student; Ref1 hive> select parse_url('https://facebook.com/path1/p.php?k1=v1&k2=v2#Ref1' , 'PROTOCOL' ) from student; http hive> select parse_url('https://facebook.com/path1/p.php?k1=v1&k2=v2#Ref1' , 'AUTHORITY' ) from student; facebook.com hive> select parse_url('https://facebook.com/path1/p.php?k1=v1&k2=v2#Ref1' , 'FILE' ) from student; / path1/ p.php?k1= v1& k2= v2hive> select parse_url('https://facebook.com/path1/p.php?k1=v1&k2=v2#Ref1' , 'USERINFO' ) from student; NULL
15. json解析函数:get_json_object 语法: get_json_object(string json_string, string path)
返回值: string
说明:解析json的字符串json_string,返回path指定的内容。如果输入的json字符串无效,那么返回NULL。
举例:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 { "store": { "fruit": \[ { "weight": 8 , "type": "apple" }, { "weight": 9 , "type": "pear" } ], "bicycle": { "price": 19.95 , "color": "red" } }, "email": "amy@only_for_json_udf_test.net", "owner": "amy" } hive> select get_json_object('{"store":{"fruit":\[{"weight":8,"type":"apple"},{"weight":9,"type":"pear"}],"bicycle":{"price":19.95,"color":"red"}},"email":"amy@only_for_json_udf_test.net", "owner":"amy"}' ,'$.owner' ) from student; Amy hive> select get_json_object('{"store":{"fruit":\[{"weight":8,"type":"apple"},{"weight":9,"type":"pear"}],"bicycle":{"price":19.95,"color":"red"}},"email":"amy@only_for_json_udf_test.net", "owner":"amy"}' ,'$.store' ) from student; {"fruit":[{"weight":8 ,"type":"apple"},{"weight":9 ,"type":"pear"}],"bicycle":{"price":19.95 ,"color":"red"}} hive> select get_json_object('{"store":{"fruit":\[{"weight":8,"type":"apple"},{"weight":9,"type":"pear"}],"bicycle":{"price":19.95,"color":"red"}},"email":"amy@only_for_json_udf_test.net", "owner":"amy"}' ,'$.store.fruit' ) from student; [{"weight":8 ,"type":"apple"},{"weight":9 ,"type":"pear"}] hive> select get_json_object('{"store":{"fruit":\[{"weight":8,"type":"apple"},{"weight":9,"type":"pear"}],"bicycle":{"price":19.95,"color":"red"}},"email":"amy@only_for_json_udf_test.net", "owner":"amy"}' ,'$.store.fruit.type' ) from student; ["apple","pear"] hive> select get_json_object('{"store":{"fruit":\[{"weight":8,"type":"apple"},{"weight":9,"type":"pear"}],"bicycle":{"price":19.95,"color":"red"}},"email":"amy@only_for_json_udf_test.net", "owner":"amy"}' ,'$.bicyle.price' ) from student; NULL hive> select get_json_object('{"store":{"fruit":\[{"weight":8,"type":"apple"},{"weight":9,"type":"pear"}],"bicycle":{"price":19.95,"color":"red"}},"email":"amy@only_for_json_udf_test.net", "owner":"amy"}' ,'$.store.bicycle.price' ) from student; 19.95
16. 空格字符串函数:space 语法: space(int n)
返回值: string
说明:返回长度为n的字符串
举例:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 hive> select space(10 ) from student; (10 个空格) hive> select length(space(10 )) from student; 10
17. 重复字符串函数:repeat 语法: repeat(string str, int n)
返回值: string
说明:返回重复n次后的str字符串
举例:
1 2 3 4 hive> select repeat('abc|' ,5 ) from student; abc| abc| abc| abc| abc|
18. 首字符ascii函数:ascii 语法: ascii(string str)
返回值: int
说明:返回字符串str第一个字符的ascii码
举例:
1 2 3 4 hive> select ascii('abcde' ) from student; 97
19. 左补足函数:lpad 语法: lpad(string str, int len, string pad)
返回值: string
说明:将str进行用pad进行左补足到len位
举例:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 hive> select lpad('abc' ,10 ,'td' ) from student; tdtdtdtabc hive> select lpad('abc' ,4 ,'td' ) from student; tabc
20. 右补足函数:rpad 语法: rpad(string str, int len, string pad)
返回值: string
说明:将str进行用pad进行右补足到len位
举例:
1 2 3 4 hive> select rpad('abc' ,10 ,'td' ) from student; abctdtdtdt
21. 分割字符串函数: split 语法: split(string str, string pat)
返回值: array
说明: 按照pat字符串分割str,会返回分割后的字符串数组
举例:
1 2 3 4 hive> select split('abt,cdt,ef' ,',' ) from student; ["abt","cdt","ef"]
22. 集合查找函数: find_in_set 语法: find_in_set(string str, string strList)
返回值: int
说明: 返回str在strlist第一次出现的位置,strlist是用逗号分割的字符串。如果没有找该str字符,则返回0
举例:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 hive> select find_in_set('ab' ,'ef,ab,de' ) from student; 2 hive> select find_in_set('at' ,'ef,ab,de' ) from student; 0
23.查找字符串在某个字符串当中的开始位置 instr 语法:instr(string str string str2);
返回值: int
说明:返回 str2在str 中的开始位置,两个参数有一个为null则返回null
1 2 3 hive> select instr("abcd" "ab"); 0